Viola pallens – Northern White Violet

General Information: A widespread North American native plant, this species is also sometimes recognized as Viola macloskeyi. The lightly fragrant flowers, which appear from April to June, are white with the lower petal purple-veined. Individual plants are small and delicate. They are commonly found in or near wetlands. The individuals in our plantings are well-mannered, seldom producing many seedlings as other Viola species do. In late summer, a second set of minuscule closed flowers will form and self-pollinate to ensure seed production. The formation of these closed self-pollinating flowers is known as cleistogamy, whereas open flowering is known as chasmogamy. Viola is a complex genus, with many species being differentiated only during chasmogamous flowering times, but luckily this species has the traits of spreading by runners and growing in wetlands to distinguish this species from other members of the genus.

Cultivation Details: Unlike other Viola species, these plants slowly spread by runners to form a dense mat. A petite and beautiful ground cover for moist or wet areas. Consider planting near fish ponds, lakes, streams, swamps, rain gardens, or low-lying areas.

Growing Requirements: Plant in part sun to full shade. Will tolerate full sun if kept sufficiently moist or if grown in an area with some protection from the most intense midday sun. Prefers moist to wet soils, but will not tolerate being submerged for long periods. Grows in the organic matter layer of soils. Particularly favors mosses and leaf mulch. Suitable for mildly acidic and neutral soils.